Iterambere ryihuse ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu cyanjye no kuzamura imibereho y’abatuye mu mijyi n’icyaro, bimaze kuba uburyo bwo gukoresha ibicuruzwa mu gushariza imbere no kuvugurura ibikoresho.Nyamara, imbaho zishingiye ku biti zikoreshwa cyane nk'ibikoresho fatizo mu gushushanya imbere no mu nganda zo mu nzu, bityo hakaba hari ikibazo cyo kwanduza fordehide.Mu bihe byashize, ubukungu bw’abantu bwari buke, ibyinshi mu mitako yimbere byakorwaga igice gusa, kandi ibikoresho byo mu nzu byakundaga kuvugururwa ku rugero ruto, bityo umwanda wa fordehide ntiwagaragaye cyane kandi washoboraga kwihanganira.
Muri iki gihe, birasanzwe ko abimukira mu rugo rushya bakora ivugurura ryuzuye ndetse no kuvugurura ibikoresho.Muri ubu buryo, kwirundanya kwa fordehide ya fordehide byiyongera cyane, bigera kurwego rudashobora kwihanganira, bikangiza ubuzima bwabakoresha.Kubera iyo mpamvu, amakimbirane hagati yishami rishinzwe imitako nuyakoresha yabaye ikibazo cyimibereho, kandi ibikoresho fatizo byo gushushanya cyangwa ibikoresho biva kumasoko, kandi ntaburyo bwo kubikemura.Hamwe n’iterambere ry’imyumvire yo kurengera ibidukikije ku isi hose, umwanda uterwa na gaze ya formaldehyde igeze ku rwego rugomba kwitabwaho.Kubera iyo mpamvu, umukozi wubumenyi nikoranabuhanga yakoze ingamba nyinshi kandi agerageza kubikemura.Nkukunoza formulaire ya urea na formaldehyde, cyangwa no gukoresha forode ya fordehide, nibindi, ariko ntabwo ari igisubizo gikabije.Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byo gupakira ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe, nk'ibiryo, icyayi, itabi, n'ibindi, ntabwo byemerera ko habaho fordehide.Kera, ibiti bisanzwe byakoreshwaga.Kubera ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politiki y’igihugu yo kurengera umutungo w’amashyamba, hashyizweho imikoreshereze y’ibikoresho byo gupakira ibiti.Mugihe ushakisha ibikoresho bindi, imbaho zishingiye kubiti niyo guhitamo kwambere.Ariko, biragoye kubimenya kubera umwanda wa formaldehyde.Ibi byose bituma icyifuzo kitagira umwanda "icyatsi kibisi gishingiye ku mbaho" kuri gahunda.Inkomoko yo gusohora gaze ya formaldehyde ni igiti gikoreshwa mugukora ibiti bishingiye ku biti - urea-formaldehyde resin.Inyungu nini yubwoko bufatika ni uko isoko yibikoresho fatizo ari byinshi, imikorere ni nziza, igiciro ni gito, kandi ntagisimburwa muri iki gihe.Nyamara, urea-formaldehyde resin igarukira kubikorwa bya synthesis.Nubwo uburyo bwose bwatezwa imbere, imiti yimiti ntishobora kuba nziza.Mugihe cyo gukora no gukoresha ibicuruzwa, burigihe hariho ikibazo cya fordehide irenze irekuwe kandi ikora, gusa umubare.Niba synthesis yogusubira inyuma, gaze ya formaldehyde irekurwa.Mu nganda nyinshi zishingiye ku biti mu gihugu cyacu, tekinoroji ya syntetique ya urea-formaldehyde resin yarashaje cyane, ntabwo rero bitangaje kuba imbaho zishingiye ku biti zinjira ku isoko zitera umwanda ukomeye.Nta bwoko bwa kole ya forode idafite, ariko inkomoko ya kole ni mike cyangwa igiciro gihenze.Nkurikije umusaruro uriho ubu ushingiye ku mbaho zishingiye ku biti mu gihugu cyanjye, buri mwaka ibyo kurya bifata amazi ni toni miliyoni 3, bikaba bigoye kubyuzuza.Kandi resinike ihendutse cyane mubihe bya none ni urea glue gusa.
Biragoye guhuza kwivuguruza hagati yo kugabanya umwanda, ibiciro ninkomoko ya kole mugihe cya vuba.Kubwibyo, intiti mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarimo zishakisha ubundi buryo, ni ukuvuga gukora ibiti bishingiye ku biti bifite inzira idafite kole.Haraheze imyaka irenga 30, Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti na Repubulika ya Ceki zarangije kwiga ku buryo bushoboka inyigisho n'ikoranabuhanga, kandi Repubulika ya Ceki na yo ikora umusaruro muto.Sinzi impamvu ntakomeje kubyiga?Ahari impamvu nyamukuru ni uko uburemere bw’umwanda butigeze bukurura sosiyete icyo gihe, kandi imbaraga z’ibisabwa zarazimiye, bityo ntizashakaga kurushaho kunoza imikorere y’umusaruro.
Noneho imyumvire yo kurengera ibidukikije igeze ku burebure butigeze bubaho, kandi icyarimwe, mubikorwa, abakoresha rwose ntibashobora kubyihanganira.Bitabaye ibyo, Ubuyapani ntibwabyara fordehide scavenger.Kubwibyo, intiti mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarushijeho kwita ku bushakashatsi bwiyi ngingo, zifata inzira zitandukanye za tekiniki, kandi zigera ku bisubizo bimwe.Nyamara, ntanumwe murimwe wagize umusaruro munini kugirango ibicuruzwa byinjire kumasoko.Iterambere ryibiti bidafite ibiti bishingiye ku mbaho nuburyo bwiza cyane bwo gukemura umwanda w’ibidukikije, kandi ni niterambere ryiterambere.Kugeza ubu, hari amarushanwa hagati yo guhanga ikoranabuhanga nigihe, uwaba afite ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere, ryoroshye kandi ryoroshye-kuzamura-tekinoroji azaba uwambere mu gutanga umusaruro no gufata isoko.
Dukurikije inyigisho ya kole ivuga ko fibre yibimera ishobora kwizirikaho, ibyo bikaba byemejwe nabababanjirije, binyuze mu bizamini byagarutsweho kandi bikomeza gutezimbere, intambwe imaze guterwa mugikorwa cyo gukora fibre idafite glue.Urufunguzo rwo gutsinda ni ugutezimbere imikorere yubuyobozi butari kole no koroshya inzira yimikorere Irashobora gukoresha umurongo uhari wo hagati wa fibre fibre fibre fibre fibre fibre idafite icyo ihindura mubikoresho byose byakozwe (gusa ibikoresho byo gukora kole) ni idakoreshwa).Imbaraga zumukanishi wibicuruzwa zingana cyangwa zisumba izisanzwe zisanzwe, kandi imikorere idakoresha amazi ni nkiya fibre ya urea.
Kubera ko amazi akoreshwa nka "adhesive", imbaraga zo kwifata hagati ya fibre zirangira mugihe cyo gukanda bishyushye, bityo rero ubuhehere buri muri plaque burenze ubw'icyapa kinini, kandi inzitizi zishyushye zigomba kwagurwa kwemeza ko imiti yimiti yarangiye neza, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumusaruro wambere, ariko nta ngaruka bigira mubikorwa byubukungu.
1. Kuzigama ibiciro bifata ninyungu itaziguye kandi byongera inyungu.
2. Igicuruzwa ntigifite urwego rukomeye, umucanga muke, gukoresha ingufu nke, no gukoresha ingufu nke hamwe nigiciro cyumukandara.
3. Amazi menshi yo muri plaque yimurirwa mu icapiro kugira ngo ahumuke, ku buryo igice cyo guhererekanya ubushyuhe bwa convective mu cyuma gihinduka uburyo bwo guhererekanya ubushyuhe, imikorere y’ubushyuhe iratera imbere, kandi ikoreshwa ry’amakara rikagabanuka.Izi ninyongera.
Kuri ibi bintu bitatu byonyine, nubwo umusaruro wumwaka wagabanutse uva kuri 30.000 m3 ukagera kuri 15.000 ukagera kuri 20.000 m3, irashobora gutanga inyungu ya miliyoni 3.3 kugeza kuri miliyoni 4.4 yu mwaka (bitewe nigiciro cya kole).Ikirenzeho, nyuma yuko umusaruro ugabanutse, ibikoresho fatizo nogukoresha ingufu nabyo byagabanutseho 30% kugeza kuri 50%, gutakaza ibikoresho no kubitaho nabyo biragabanuka, kandi igishoro cyose gikora nacyo kiragabanuka.Izi ninyungu itaziguye yatanzwe.Kubwibyo, inyungu yose ntabwo iri munsi yumusaruro wambere, cyangwa hejuru.Nibyoroshye cyane kubungabunga umusaruro wumwimerere, kubera ko ubushobozi bwibikorwa bya buri bikoresho bitunganyirizwa mbere yuko imashini ishyushye idahinduka, bityo birashobora gukorwa hongeweho imashini ishyushye hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwara abantu, cyangwa guhindura umubare wibice imashini ishyushye.Aya mafaranga yo kuvugurura arakenewe.
Inyungu nini ya fibre idafite glueless ni ugukuraho burundu inkomoko y’umwanda n’igiciro gito, kandi ikoreshwa ryayo rishobora no kugera no mu bikoresho byo gupakira ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bitemera umwanda.Ubusembwa busanzwe bwa fibre idafite glueless: bufatanije nimbaraga zo kwifata zatewe nigikorwa cyimiti cyamazi na molekile ya fibre.Fibre igomba kuba ihuye cyane, bitabaye ibyo gufatira hamwe bizagabanuka, bityo ubucucike buri hejuru yubwa MDF isanzwe.Iyi nenge ntabwo igaragara niba impapuro zoroshye zakozwe.
DongguanMUMU Woodworking Co., Ltd.ni igishinwa gikurura amajwi yubaka ibikoresho byubaka kandi bitanga.Nyamunekatwandikirekubindi bisobanuro!
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-31-2023
